Linear Magnification Produced by a Lens(m)

Chapter-9|Ray Optics and Optical Instrument|NCERT 12th Physics:

Linear Magnification Produced by a Lens(m):

Linear magnification of a lens is defined as the ratio of the height of the image formed by the lens and height of the object.

Here we will use hᵢ and h₀ with sign. Height above principal axis is positive and below negative.

Proof of m= v/u :-

4. |m|<1, means.  hᵢ<h₀