Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Dielectrics and Polarisation: In a dielectric under the effect of an external field, a net dipole moment is induced in the dielectric due to molecular dipole moment, a net charge appears on the surface of the dielectric.   These induced charges produce a field opposing the external field. […]

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Electrostatics of Conductors: Conductors: Conductors are the materials through which electric charges can flow easily. When a conductor is placed in electrostatic field, the conductors show the following properties. 1. Inside a conductor, electrostatic field is zero. 2. At the surface of a charged conductor, electrostatic field must

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Potential Energy of a Dipole in an External Field: Let an electric dipole placed in an uniform electric field E with its dipole moment P making an angle θ with electric field. Two equal and opposite charges exerts forces +qE and -qE acts on its two ends. The two forces

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Potential Energy in an External Field: Potential energy in an external field of a system are as under  Potential Energy of a Single Charge in External Field: If V(r) is the potential at a point due to external field E, Then potential energy of a single charge q

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Electrostatic Potential Energy of a System of Three Point Charges: Let we consider a system of three point charges q₁, q₂ and q₃ having position vector r₁, r₂ and r₃ respectively. If we bring charge q₁ from infinity to point A, no work is required because there is

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Electrostatic Potential Energy of a System of Charges: The electrostatic potential energy of a system of point charges may be defined as the amount of work done in assembling the charges at their location by bringing them in from infinity. Electrostatic Potential Energy of a System of Two

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Relation Between Electric Field and Electric Potential: We consider the electric field due to charge +q located at the origin O. Let A and B be two adjacent point separated by distance dr. The two points A and B are so close that the electric field E between

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Equipotential Surfaces: Any surface which has same electrostatic potential at every point on it is called an equipotential surface. From above it is clear that V is constant if r is constant. If all the points at same potential is the electric field are joined, then an equipotential

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Electrostatic Potential Due to an Electric Dipole: Let we consider an electric dipole consisting of charges +q and -q separated by a distance 2a. Therefore, Dipole Moment P=q×2a   Let O be the centre of dipole, P be any point near the electric dipole inclined at an angle θ. Now,

Chapter-2|Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance| NCERT 12th Physics: Electrostatic Potential Due to a System of Charges: Let there are n number of point charges q₁, q₂, q₃……. qn at distances r₁, r₂, r₃,…….. rn respectively from the point P, where electric potential is to be calculated.   Using superposition principal, resultant potential at point P.