Momentum

Momentum of a body is the quantity of motion poses by the body.

It is defined to be the product of its mass m and velocity v. It is denoted by p.

Momentum, P = mv

SI unit of momentum is kgm/s. In CGS system gcm/s. It’s dimensional formula is [MLT⁻¹].

Case-I: Let two objects each of mass m are moving with different velocities V₁ and V₂ with V₁>V₂, then

Thus, the momenta of bodies having equal masses are proportional to their velocities.

Case-II: Let two object of same velocity and different masses, then

Thus, the momentum of bodies having equal velocities are proportional to their masses.

Case-III: Let two objects having equal linear momenta.

Thus, P₁ = P₂ = P

⇒ m₁v₁ = m₂v₂

Thus, the velocities of bodies having equal linear momenta are inversely proportional to their masses.