Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: Applications of Gauss’ Theorem: (I) Field Due to an Infinitely long Charged Wire: We consider a thin infinitely long straight wire having a uniform linear density λ. To determine the field at a distance r from the line charge, we choose a cylindrical Gaussion surface of radius r, length […]

Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: Gauss’ Theorem: This theorem gives a relationship between the total flux passing through any closed surface and the net charge enclosed within the surface. ”Gauss’ theorem state that the total flux through any closed surface is 1/ε₀ times the net charge enclosed by the closed surface”. Mathematically, it

Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: Electric Flux: Electric flux linked with any surface is defined as the total number of electric field lines that normally passes through that surface. It is represented by ØE. Electric flux depends upon three factors. (I)   Area(A) (II)  Strength of electric field. (III)  Angle between area vector and

Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: Area Vector: The vector associated with every area element of a closed surface is taken to be in the direction of the outward normal. Thus the area element vector ∆S at a point on a closed surface is equal to ∆Sn∧, where ∆S is magnitude of area

Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: Work Done in a Dipole in a Uniform Electric Field: When an electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field, it experiences torque and tends to align it in such a way to attain stable equilibrium.  Small amount of work done in rotating the dipole through

Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: Dipole in a Uniform External Field: Torque on an Electric Dipole in a Uniform Electric Field:- Let an electric dipole consisting of two charges -q and +q are placed in a uniform external electric field of intensity E. The length of dipole is 2l. The dipole moment

Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: Electric Field Intensity at Any Point Due to a Short Electric Dipole: Electric field intensity E at any point at distance r from centre O and making angle θ with the dipole-

Chapter-1|Electric Charges and Fields | NCERT 12th Physics: The Field of an Electric Diopole: The electric field produced by an electric dipole is called a dipole field. This can be determined by using: (a) The formula for the field of a point charge and (b) The principle of superposition. At a Point on The Axial